After cell culture, the nano-derivatized scaffolds were inspected by SEM to characterize the surface topographical features upon cellular interaction. Figure 5 reports representative SEM images of Ti_CTRL (Figure 5a,b), Ti_TiO2 (Figure 4c,d) and Ti_γFe2O3 (Figure 5e,f) after 7 days of culture. The images visibly show that the cells are able to adhere and proliferate in nano-functionalized titanium scaffolds and that at 7 days after cell seeding, the cells on all scaffolds became even more stretched maintaining the typical morphology of mesenchymal stem cells, characterized by long and thin cellular processes.
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Purpose: To evaluate the effects of four anatomical parameters (angle between superior and inferior temporal retinal arteries [inter-artery angle, IAA], optic disc [OD] rotation, retinal curvature, and central retinal vessel trunk entry point location [CRVTL]) on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) abnormality marks by OCT machines. Methods: Cirrus OCT circumpapillary RNFLT measurements and Humphrey visual fields (HVF 24-2) of 421 patients from a large glaucoma clinic were included. Ellipses were fitted to the OD borders. Ellipse rotation relative to the vertical axis defined OD rotation. CRVTL was manually marked on the horizontal axis of the ellipse on the OCT fundus image. IAA was calculated between manually marked retinal artery locations at the 1.73mm radius around OD. Retinal curvature was determined by the inner limiting membrane on the horizontal B-scan closest to the OD center. For each location on the circumpapillary scanning area, logistic regression was used to determine if each of the four parameters had a significant impact on RNFLT abnormality marks independent of disease severity. The results are presented on spatial maps of the entire scanning area. Results: Variations in IAA significantly influenced abnormality marks on 38.8% of the total scanning area, followed by CRVTL (19.2%) and retinal curvature (18.7%). The effect of OD rotation was negligible ( 2ff7e9595c
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